Improvement in pegging-machines



2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. E. CRISP. Pegging-Maohine.

No. 221,785. Patented Nov.18,187'9,.

WITESSES. 'l

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".PIERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPMER, WASHINGTIJIIA D C.

pistons.

NITED 'STATE- s PATENT Orr-Ionc JOSEPH E. CRISP, OF BOSTON,MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PEGGlNG-MACHINES.

Specitication forming part of Letters Patent No. 221,785, dated November18, 1879 application filed August 28, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosEPH E. CRISP, of Boston, in the county ofSuffolk, in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented anImprovement in Pegging-Machines, of which -the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to the within described means of operating theawl and peg driving, feeding, and severing mechanism by means of pistonsactuated by compressed air, water, or any suitable liquid taken from areservoir by hose or pipe,.whcrein the pressure is kept constant.

It also relates to various details in construction', all of which willbe hereinafter more fully set' forth.

The awl-driving and peg feeding, severing, and driving mechanism inpower-machines have generally been operated by suitable cams or springs,or both.

In this invention, instead of actuating the said mechanism by cams orsprin gs, compressed air or water, or other liquid under pressure, isemployed for effecting the necessary reciprocating movements to theparts mentioned by means of suitable cylinders and pistons Within thebody 'of the machine, one piston being employed for driving andwithdrawing the awl or hole-forming mechanism, and for operating the pegfeeding and severing devices, and another piston for operating thedriving-bar.

Reference is made to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification, in explaining the nature of my invention, in which-Figure 1 is at'ront elevation of my machine. Fig. 2 is a verticalcentral section on the line x y of Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a detail view,showing in cross-section and elevation a portion of the feedway andthroat of the machine. `Fig. eiis a longitudinal section at right anglesto the section shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on theline l l of Fig. 5. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line 2 2 ofFig. 5.

Figs. 7 and 8 represent, in elevation, the method of supporting theawlholding and knife bars.

The case A is constructed in two parts. The upper one, a, contains thecylinders and The lower one, a', contains the other Operative partsforming the connections be tween the ends of the piston-rods and thebars supporting the awls and the feeding and severin g devices.

The piston B in the lower cylinder, B', operates, by means of the hollowpiston-rod or long sleeve b, which reciprocates in the cylinderhead b',the awl or other hole-forming mechanism and the feeding and severingdevices.

The piston O in the cylinder C' operates, by y means of the piston-rodc, which reciprocates in the lcylinder-head c', forming the partitionbetween the two cylinders and the hollow piston b, the peg-driving rod,which is a continuation of the piston-rod reduced to the properdimensions. The compressed air, water, or other liquid under pressure,or the power employed in operating the pistons, is introduced to theinduction-port b2, which is the one communicating withthe cylinder B andc2, which is the one opening into the cylinder O', through theinduction-way D and the valve-passage d', the ports opening into thecylinders beneath the pistons.

The controlling-valves are arranged in the horizontal valvepassage dbetween the two cylinders, and consist in the spindle d2 and slidingseats or disks d3 d4, which are so arranged in the spindle as to closeone port upon opening the other-that is, when the disk or sliding seatd3 is moved beyond the port b2 the port is open, and the sliding seat ordisk d* closes the entrance to the port c2. Upon being moved outwardly,the said sliding seats or disks act oppositely, the seat cl3 operatingto close the port b2, and the seat d4 to open the port c2.

The valves are operated by means of the lever d5, pivoted at d6 to thecasing a, and the sp1-ing dl, which is fastened to the casing, and bearsagainst the lever below the pivot d6, and serves to automatically closethe valves.

The lower end of the operating-lever may lie extended down beyond theupper case and bent inwardly, as shown in Fig. 2.

The cylinders B and G are connected by a passage or chamber, E, whichopens into the upper portion of each cylinder at the points e e. Thischamber or passage and the portions of the cylinders above the pistonare filled with air, compressed or not, or water, or both, as may benecessary.

In operation, the power having been introduced beneath either of thepistons, the air or water contained in the chamber becomes apowertransmitting agent, and operates to lower the other piston by theupward movement of the power-driven one-that is, the u pward movement ofeither piston upon the introduction of the compressed air or other powerforces the air or water contained in the cylinder above the piston, andin the connecting chamber or passage from the cylinder into the saidpassage to the upper portion of the other cylinder, thereby forcing theother piston to move in a direction opposite from that of thefirst-named piston.

The exhaust-passage for the lower cylinder is by way of the port b2,valve-passage d', and exhaust or eduction way d, and the exhaustpassageof the upper cylinder is obtained by means of the port c2, valve-passaged', and exhaust or eduction way dil. The sliding valves d3 d4 operateadditionally to alternately close and open the exhaust-passages atproper intervals.

The induction and cduction ways maybe arranged outside the casing, ifdesired, and any suitable valves for controlling the ports may be used.

I do not coui'ne myself to the arrangement of an imluction-way,valve-passages, valves, ports, and exhausts herein shown and described,as I consider that the principal feature of this portion of my inventionconsists in the means for utilizing compressed air, water underpressure, or other similar power for operating the pistons connectedwith the awl or hole-forming devices, and the feeding, severing, andpeg-driving mechanism inclosed with the cylinder within a movablemachine with said devices and mechanism.

The hole-forming devices or awl F and the awl-supporting barsf, thespringsj", and the thloatfz are similar in construction and operation tolike devices shown and described in Letters Patent No. 211,651, grantedme on the 28th day of January, 1879, and l will not further describetheir construction and operation.

The method by which the awl-supporting bars are secured to the block fuupon the end of the piston-sleeve I) is somewhat different from that bywhich the bars are fastened to their operating supports in the patent,the block being cylindrical in shape and arranged to Slide in thecylinder or barrelf. lt is t'urther provided with a central hole, f", inwhich the piston-rod c reciproeates, and with the recess f6 and slotsf.

The awl-supporting barsf are provided with pivots f", which enter theslots f7, the slots being enough longer than the diameter ot' the pivotsto allow a slight vertical play of the pivots therein.

The peg-driving bar Il forms a continuation of the piston-rod c, andplays in the driveway between the inner opposing surfaces of the twoparts of the awl and awl-bars and the sides of the casing h forming thelower portion of the machine, as explained in my said patent.

The feeding mechanism consists in the teeth m., which are bent inwardlyfrom the end of the spring-arm M, fastened at m to the barrel f4, andare moved outwardly preparatory to feeding by the incline m2 upon thereciprocating block and the projection m3 on the arm M, which entersthrough the hole m4 in the barrel sufiiciently to project into the pathof the reciprocatingl block.

'lhe severing-knife N is fastened to an arm, n, which has a bearing onone of the pivots f,

and projects laterally therefrom, and has a long cutting-edge inclineddownwardly and outwardlyv from the supporting-bar, and the peg issevered upon the upward movement of the piston B upon the withdrawalofthe awl:I and it operates, in connection with the feeding device, toprevent the backward movement of the peg-strip upon the outward movementofthe feeding-teeth m, the knife being so arranged and shaped that itdoes not immediately sever the peg, but has adrawiug movement across thepeg-strip, and the outward movement of the feeding-teeth is so timedthat it takes place after the knife has commenced to draw upon thepeg-strip, but before the peg is entirely severed, so that the peg-stripis held in place against the outward movement of the teeth by the knife.The blade of the knife reci procates across the feedway near thedriveway in the guide a'.

'lhe aal-supporting bars are provided with projections o, upon which thespringsf bear.

The machine may be supported by means ot the cord 1, pulleys p, andcounter-weight P'. This` method of suspension allows the machine to bemoved freely in all directions.

In operation, the operator opens the valve controlling the entrance-portto cylinder C', allowing the compressed air or other power to enter itbelow the piston, and to move it upwardl y, thereby causing the air orwater above the piston to force the piston B, operating the awl or otherhole-forming' mechanism, downwardly. This downward movement of thepiston B drives the awl. The operator then closes the port to cylinder Oand opens the port to cylinder B', thereby causing the compressed air orother power to act upon the under surface ot' the piston B, therebycausing it to lift the awl and severing device, and to move outwardlythe feeding-teeth, and also, by the intermediary power, transmittingcolumn of air or water, causing the piston C to move downwardly, thusactuating the drivingrod and driving the peg. The peg-strip is fed uponthe downward movement ot' the piston B, and the peg is advanced to aposition in the driveway beneath the driver.

It will be observed that by this construction the operator has thelawland peg driving mechanism under perfect control; that for every pegdriven the val-ve must be operated; that the pegs can be driven in veryrapid succession; and that, in withdrawing the awl from the work, owing'to the liability of its sticking, it may be desirable that the head F3shall havecommenced to move and have acquired some speed and momentumbefore lifting the awl-bars, in order that the movement may have thecharacter of a blow from underneath, and for this purpose I provide aloose connection between the head and the awl-bars by making the slotsholding the pivots entering .the awl-bars somewhat longer than thediameter of the pivots.

It will be observed that, by causing the direct pressure of thecompressed air orother power to act upon one surface or side of one ofthe pistons only, and by connecting'the two cylinders upon the sidesopposite from that upon which the power is applied, and by filling suchconnecting-chamber with air or water, or both, that the movement of onepiston controls the movement of' the other, the power being applied toone piston only, the other piston being compelled to move upon themovement of the first piston, so that the `time of the reciprocation ofsaid pistons must always bein unison, and it makes no difference towhich piston the power is applied so long as there is aconnecting-chamber connecting the two lower ,or two upper ends of thecylinders, which, together with the portions of the cylinder upon thechamber side of the pistons, is lled with air, water or other liquid, orboth.

When the connecting-chamber is filled with water or other ,ifpractically incompressible liquid, the piston moved by the column ofwater will start immediately with the piston to which the power isapplied. If the chamber is filled with air,'the piston operated by itwill move as soon asthe air in the said chamber is compressedsufficiently; and by using part water and part air the time of themovement of the piston can be varied as desired within the limits of theprompt movement when water alone is used and the movement which followsthe compressing of the air; and by varying the proportions of' liquid,water, or air, the time at which the piston starts can be varied asdesired.

I do not confine myself to the use of the two pistons, one of which isoperated by the other by means of a movable power-transmitting column ofwater or air, or both, for the purpose of -operating a pegging-machine,but may use them for any desired purpose or object.

I do not intend to limit myself to the use of an awl made in two parts,or to the use of the specific construction of feeding and severingdevices herein described, but may use in connection with' the means foroperating said devices herein set forth any of' the well-knownconstructions for forming the hole, and for feeding and severing thepeg, when such devices are operated by pistons driven by compressed air,water under pressure, or other similar power, located within the samecase with the remainder of the mechanism.

The compressed air, water under pressure,

or other power employed in driving the pistons should be contained in areservoir, and at a constant or uniform pressure, and a flexible tube orpipe should connect this reservoir with the induction-way D.

It is unnecessary to Irepresent in the drawings a reservoir orconnecting tube or pipe, as I do not confine myself' to any special form0r location of the same in relation to the pegging-machine.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United Statesl. In a pegging-machine, thecombination of' the cylinder C', having suitable induction and eductionports and-valves, and the piston C and piston-rod c, operating thedriving-rod H, with the cylinder B, having suitable induction andeduct-ion ports and controlling-valves,

the piston B and piston rod or sleeve b, operating the awl and pegfeeding and severing devices, all arranged in an organized machine, andadapted to be used with compressed air, water under pressure, or othersimilar power, in :such manner that the pistons alternately approachtoward and recede from each other. substantially as andfor the purposesdescribed'.

2. In a pegging-machine,the combination of the two cylinders B C and thepassage E, y

connecting the upper portion of one cylinder with the upper portion ofthe other, the pistons B C, the piston-rods c b, induction and eductionports below the pistons, and their controlling-valves, all adapted forthe use of compressed air, water under pressure, or other l similarpower, and whereby the upward movement of one pistou causes thedescending movement of the other, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

3. In a pegging-machine, the combination of the cylinders B C, thepassage ora chamber E, connecting the upper portion of one cylinder withthe upper portion of the other, said passage being filled, or partlyfilled, with liquid, and the pistons B G, the piston-rods c vb,induction and eduction ports below the pistous, and theircontrol1ing-valves,all adapted for the use of compressed air, waterunder pressure, or other similar power, whereby the upward movement ofone piston causes the descending movement of the other, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

4. In a pegging-machine, the combination of the horizontal valve-passaged, the ports b c2 d8 d?, and the sliding valves d3 di, substantially asand for the purposes described.

5. In a pegging-machine, the combination of the sliding valves d3 di,valve-stem dz, lever d5, and spring di, all arranged to operatesubstantially as described. l 6. In a pegging-machine, the combinationof the reciprocating head f3, provided with the slots f7, with theawl-carrying bars f and their pivots f8, arranged to enter said slots,and provided with a slight vertical movement therein, substantially asdescribed.

7. In a pegging-machine, the combination of the spring-arm M, providedwith the teeth m and shoulder m, which projects through the hole m4 inthe case a into the path of the reciprocating headsfs, with saidreciprocating head, whereby, upon the upward movement of said head, thesupporting-arm is moved outwardly, and upon its downward movement theteeth are allowed to feed the pegstrip, substantially as described.

8. In a pegging-machine, the combination of the reciprocating head f3,arm n, and knife N, projecting from the bar, and provided with aninclined and vertical cutting-edge, arranged to reciprocate across thefeedway and to sever the peg by an upward movement, substantialll asdescribed.

J. E. CRISP.

Witnesses:

F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, GEO. F. WALKER.

